Original Research

Swartwattelbome: seën of vloek vir Suid- Afrika?

F.H. Smith
Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie | Vol 25, No 4 | a166 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v25i4.166 | © 2006 F.H. Smith | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 22 September 2006 | Published: 22 September 2006

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F.H. Smith, Departement Publieke Administrasie & Bestuur, Universiteit van Suid-Afrika, Posbus 392, UNISA, 0003, South Africa

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Abstract

Daar is reeds baie geskryf oor uitheemse indringerplante, veral Acacia mearnsii De Wild, die swartwattelboom en die skade wat hierdie plante aan die plaaslike ekologie aanrig. In hierdie artikel word aandag gegee aan die ontstaan van die probleem, asook aan die inbring en verspreiding van swartwattelbome in die Republiek van Suid-Afrika (Suid-Afrika). Die probleme wat deur die onbeheerde verspreiding van wattelbome veroorsaak is, het die regering verplig om op te tree ten einde hierdie probleme te bekamp. Voor 1936 was daar aanvanklik geen formele beleid met betrekking tot die invoer, kweek en beheer van hierdie bome nie. Dit het daartoe gelei dat die regering in die wattelbedryf ingegryp het om ’n sekere mate van beheer te vestig en om probleme met betrekking tot uitheemse indringerplante in die algemeen – en die swartwattelboom in die besonder – die hoof te bied. Voorts sal daar ook gelet word op die rol van swartwattel in volhoubare ontwikkeling deur te fokus op die omgewings-/ekologiese probleem van impak op die biodiversiteit en die waterbronne en ook op die voordele wat dit het om woudherstel aan te help. Die artikel bespreek sosiale voordele wat die boom het vir inwoners van landelike gebiede as voorsiener in bou- en konstruksiemateriaal en vuurmaakhout, wat andersins uit die boomveld en/of inheemse woude verkry moet word. Die boom voorsien ook in die houtbehoeftes van die industrie in die vorm van byvoorbeeld pale, pulp en ekstrak. Laastens volg ’n bespreking van die Werk-vir-Water-program.

Abatract

Black wattle trees: blessing or curse to South Africa
Much has been written about alien invasive plants, especially Acacia mearnsii De Wild, the black wattle tree and the damage done by these plants to the local ecology. In this article cognisance is taken of how the problem was created, the introduction into and the distribution of black wattle trees in the Republic of South Africa (South Africa). Problems experienced by the uncontrolled spreading of wattle trees forced the government to act, as there was no formal policy before 1936 on the importation, cultivation and control thereof. This led to intervention by government in the wattle industry to establish some form of control and to address the problems related to alien invasive plants in general, and the black wattle tree in particular. Furthermore, cognisance will be taken of the role the black wattle plays in sustainable development by considering the environmental/ecological problem of its impact on bio-diversity and the water sources as well as the advantages it has in the process of forest recovery. Secondly notice will be taken of the social advantages the tree has for the inhabitants of rural areas as a provider of building and construction material and firewood, which would otherwise come from the woodlands and/or indigenous forests. The tree also provides in the timber requirements of industry in the form of for instance poles, pulp and extract. Lastly, the article explores the Work-for-Water Programme.


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